The following events occurred in October 1912:
October 1, 1912 (Tuesday) The capital of British India was formally moved to Delhi from Calcutta. Turkey and Greece both mobilized their armies in preparation of war. The tenth Salon d'Automne was held in Paris. Over 1,770 works were on display for over a month, with artists focused on Cubism given their own exhibit room as well a Cubist architecture installation by Raymond Duchamp-Villon titled La Maison Cubiste. Artistic works exhibited included paintings Dancer in a Café and Femme à l'Éventail by Jean Metzinger, Man on a Balcony, The Bathers, Harvest Threshing and Passy, Bridges of Paris by Albert Gleizes, The Spring by Francis Picabia, and sculptures Groupe de femmes and Danseuse by Joseph Csaky. Following the closing of the art event, Metzinger and Gleizes published On "Cubism", the first major text detailing the theory and techniques surrounding the emerging art movement. Edmund Knox, Bishop of Manchester, consecrated St John's Church in Great Harwood, Lancashire, England. Aboard the U.S. Navy destroyer , the port main turbine split open, killing five men. Born: Kathleen Ollerenshaw, British mathematician, known for research in order theory and abstract algebra; in Withington, England (d. 2014)
October 2, 1912 (Wednesday) Bulgarian troops seized control of Turkish blockhouses at Djuma-i-Bala district. Serbia, Montenegro, Greece and Bulgaria delivered an ultimatum to the Ottoman Empire over Macedonia.
October 3, 1912 (Thursday)
General Smedley Butler and Colonel Joseph Henry Pendleton of the United States Marine Corps had given Nicaraguan rebel general Benjamín Zeledón an ultimatum to surrender the El Coyotepe fortress by 8:00 am or face bombardment by American artillery and then an invasion. The rebels refused to capitulate, and American shelling began minutes later. Turkish frontier guards attacked troops of Montenegro at Berane. Crowds in Constantinople demonstrated in favor of Turkey going to war with Bulgaria. The longest drought in U.S. history began in Bagdad in San Bernardino County, California. For the next 767 days, more than two years, no rain fell on the town in the Mojave Desert. From the Manger to the Cross, the silent film about Jesus, by Sidney Olcott, premiered in London, followed on October 10 by its New York City release. and was the first to be filmed on location in the Holy Land.
October 4, 1912 (Friday) Off the coast of Dover, the collision of the submarine B2 with the Hamburg America Line ship Amerika killed 15 sailors. B2 was part of a flotilla of 13 submarines patrolling four miles from Dover as part of Royal Navy maneuvers, and crossed 60 feet in front of the bow of Amerika, which was moving twice as fast and was unable to stop. Only one man, Lt. Richard I. Pulleyne, survived, swimming upward after the sub broke in two. The U.S. Marines attacked Nicaragua's rebels before dawn, advanced uphill and captured the fortress on El Coyotepe despite being fired on by the remaining rebels. Four Americans and 27 rebels were killed, and another 14 U.S. infantrymen wounded. Sixteen-year old black teen Ernest Knox and a friend of his were tried and convicted for the rape and murder of 18-year old white teen Sleety Mae Crow, in Forsyth County, Georgia, even though evidence of Knox's confession to the crime may have likely came under duress from local authorities. Both black teens were sentenced to be executed by hanging, bringing an end to most of the immediate racial violence in the county. The first University of Calgary began classes, with a faculty of three professors. The Alberta provincial legislature would not give the University power to confer degrees, and the University of Alberta did not welcome the competition. As result, the university would close its doors in October 1915. Golfer Harry Vardon won a rematch against Ted Ray at the 10th News of the World Matchplay, beating him by one hole. Vardon lost his defending title to Ray at The Open Championship in June.