Zatyshshia (; ) is an urban-type settlement in Rozdilna Raion of Odesa Oblast in Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Zatyshshia settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population:
The town has a railway station on the line Odesa—Kyiv (stretch Rozdilna—Podilsk).
The distance to Odesa is 72 miles, to Chișinău it is 53 miles.
Name
The word "Zatyshshia" doesn't have an exact analogue in the English language, it's close in meaning to the word "silence" or "calm" and means: temporary calming, suspension, weakening of any action, movement, development; temporary cessation of wind; temporary cessation of noise, movement; secluded living place, corner.
The name, for several reasons, most likely comes from the features of the relief:
1.) The place occupying a significant part of the modern settlement is protected from the wind by the relief.
2.) During the construction of the railway to the south from Zatyshshia for a long distance, a large amount of land work was required, and to the north it was almost not required at all.
Population
1876 — 73; 1970 — 3771; 1979 — 3812; 1989 — 3461; 2001 — 3470; 2015 — 3571; 2016 — 3576; 2017 — 3556; 2018 — 3547; 2019 — 3538; 2020 — 3537; 2021 — 3516.
According to the 2001 census, 95.6 percent of residents indicated their native language as Ukrainian; 3.6% as Russian; 0.5% - Moldovan; 0.1% - Bulgarian and 0.1% - Belarusian.
History
Archaeological finds
Near the town are the remains of a late Paleolithic settlement (40—13 thousands years ago), and burial mound from the Bronze Age (2nd millennium BC).
Russian Empire
The town of Zatyshshia was founded in 1865, as a railway station, together with opening of the first railway in the part of Ukraine that was under the rule of the Russian Empire, the Odesa—Balta.
During the times of the Russian Empire, the settlement included the station itself with a small, but urban development and 2 hamlets by ponds, located at a distance of 0.65 and 2.4 kilometers in the southwest direction. The more distant hamlet ceased to exist in the 1890s.
The station part of the settlement consisted of the buildings of the railway station, post office, telegraph office, shop, tavern, various warehouses, etc. Of the residential buildings, there was one apartment two-storey house and 5 one-storey houses with 2 apartments each. The population of these houses in 1876 was 73 people.
Lined with cobblestones streets Torhova, Suvorova, Centralna, the old railway crossing, access roads to various objects and the road to Zakharivka.
In 1895-1896, the landowner V.I. Stanilevych excavated a Bronze Age mound here.
On September 9, 1896, Pavlo Mykhailovych Bazylevsky, a cornet general (head) of the UPR Army in exile, was born in Zatyshshia.
Zatyshshia was visited by the Russian Emperor Alexander II. In 1885, 4 years after his death, a monument to him was erected here, destroyed during the Civil War.
In 1910 the first church was built. In 1911 a parish school was built nearby.
The infrastructure of that time allowed the inhabitants of the settlements of this area to organize festive events here, where it was convenient to get guests from Odesa.
During the time of the Russian Empire, this territory belonged to Tiraspolsky Uyezd of Kherson Governorate.
Ukrainian People's Republic, Ukrainian State, Civil War
In the surrounding villages, there were many who wanted to settle near the station, because it was convenient, but they could not do it due to bureaucratic obstacles. With the fall of royal power, they were given this opportunity. The settlement began to quickly turn into a village, and with the advent of Soviet power, Zatyshshia received the status of a village. It was in this status in 1923-1964.
After February Revolution as part of the Russian Republic (proclaimed September 14,1917).
From November 1917 as part of the Ukrainian People's Republic. (As a result of the actions of the UPR in response to the October Revolution).
From the beginning of February 1918 as part of the Odesa Soviet Republic. (As a result of the Red Guards offensive).
From the first part of March 1918 again as part of the UPR. (As a result of the offensive of the Austro-Hungarian army, after the conclusion of the UPR an exclusive protectorate treaty with the Central Powers).
After the coup d'etat of April 29, 1918 as part of the Ukrainian State.
From december 1918 again a member of the UPR. (As a result of the overthrow of the power of Hetman Skoropadskyi, after the defeat of the Central Powers in World War I ).