The 1st London Field Company, Royal Engineers (Territorial Force) was a Territorial engineer unit of the British Army active during World War I. Formed in 1908, it was based in Bethnal Green in East London.
Origin
When the former Volunteer Force was subsumed into the Territorial Force in 1908 under the Haldane Reforms, the East London (Tower Hamlets) Royal Engineers (Volunteers) became the divisional engineers for the TF's 1st London Division, forming the 1st London Field Company and 2nd London Field Company as well as the Divisional Signals Company. All three sub-units were based at the drill hall at Victoria Park Square, Bethnal Green, that the East London Engineers had built in 1896.
World War I
Mobilisation
The 1st London Division left by railway from Waterloo station on Sunday 2 August 1914 for its annual training camp, which was to be held at Wareham, Dorset. No sooner had it reached camp than it received orders to return to London for mobilisation. This process had been carefully planned, so that before war was declared on 4 August the units were already at their war stations, such as guarding vital railway lines, while the rear details at the drill halls completed mobilisation and began recruiting.
On 15 August the TF was ordered to separate men who had volunteered for overseas service from the Home Service men, and on 31 August it was authorised to begin forming Reserve or 2nd Line units composed of Home Service men and recruits. These were distinguished by the prefix '2/', so that the 1st London Field Company became the 1/1st, and its second line was the 2/1st London Field Company in 2/1st London Division. Later, the 2nd Line were made ready for overseas service and new Reserve or 3rd Line units were formed to continue to process of training. The 1st London Reserve Field Company was later numbered 516th Company before being absorbed into the central training organisation.
During the autumn of 1914, 1st London Division was progressively broken up to provide reinforcements for formations serving overseas. 1/1st London Field Company joined the Regular 6th Division in France on 23 December 1914 and remained with that formation throughout the war. When RE field companies were renumbered on 1 February 1917 it became 509th (London) Field Company.
6th Division
6th Division served on the Western Front throughout World War I, taking part in the following operations: Battle of Hooge (9 August 1915) On 9 August 1915 the 6th Division attacked and recaptured the chateau at Hooge. Number 4 Section of the company joined in the attack alongside the 2nd Battalion Durham Light Infantry, and the company suffered its highest casualties in a single day. The work of the company in fortifying the newly captured position with barbed wire received special mention in the report by GHQ. Sapper Berry received the Distinguished Conduct Medal for his actions in the attack. Battle of the Somme: Battle of Flers-Courcelette (15–18 and 21–23 September 1916) Battle of Morval (25–28 September 1916) Capture of Lesbœufs (25 September 1916) Battle of the Transloy Ridges (9–18 October 1916) Fighting on Hill 70, Lens (13–22 April 1917). Battle of Cambrai The Tank attack (20–21 November 1917) Capture of Bourlon Wood (23–28 November 1917) German counter-attacks (30 November–3 December 1917) Battle of St Quentin (21–22 March 1918) By February 1918 the 6th Division was manning the Lagnicourt Sector and was there on 22 March when the Germans launched their Spring Offensive which drove the division back and caused 3,900 casualties out of its 5000 infantry. The divisional history records that 'The field companies suffered heavily, and rendered good service as infantry'. The company war diary for March 1918 stops after the 20th. Battle of Bailleul (13–15 April 1918) First Battle of Kemmel Ridge (17–19 April 1918) Second Battle of Kemmel Ridge (25–26 April 1918) Battle of the Scherpenberg (29 April 1918) Allied Hundred Days Offensive Battle of Épehy (18 September 1918) Battle of St. Quentin Canal (29–30 September 1918) Battle of Cambrai (8–9 October 1918) Battle of the Selle
In November 1918 its commanding officer was Major H. G. Bambridge, M.C., R.E.(S.).
The Territorials were demobilised in 1919.
Last survivor
In August 2002 William Burnett, probably the last surviving member of the company, was awarded the French Legion of Honour.