Kulturzentrum Bremgarten (KuZeB) is a Swiss community place where events can be held. It began in 1992 as a result of a squat (illegally taken over building). It is located at Zürcherstrasse 2 in Bremgarten. It is an important place for autonomous people in the canton of Aargau and for people who are interested in social, cultural and political issues. There are many events there such as concerts, readings, discussions, information and advice. The buildings are from a former clothing factory that was built in 1893.
It consists of a house and two factory buildings.
History of the textile factory
The Biedermeier home is located on Obertorplatz in Bremgarten. It was built in 1838 by a builder called Fidel Leimbacher. It housed many famous people before it went to the brothers Max and Simon Meyer. They started a business there in 1893, making clothes for men and for people who work for a job. The factory grew bigger and better. It is a typical example of a small factory and an important example of New Building (this is a special type of building). The core building (main part) is a two-storey Biedermeier house with an attic (a special room under the roof). There are also other parts that were added to the back in 1880, 1911/1912 and 1928/1929.
The Meyer & Co. factory building was built in 1928/1929. The architect's name is Johann Emil Ganz. It is made of concrete, has a lot of windows and is flat on the top. It follows the ideas of the New Building Movement (a group of people who wanted buildings to look a certain way). There are two big rooms in the building, which measure 12 x 19.6 metres. They are very bright. It is an example of factory architecture of pre-modernism. It shows the rich history of the clothing factory.
Today, the building complex does not look the same. It is included (listed) in the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites (ISOS) (a list of places that are important to Swiss history and culture) because this place is important for Bremgarten.
History of the social centre
In June 1990, some young people took control of the buildings. That had not been used for a long time. A Spanish club and a single person lived in the living part of the building. The squatters turned the building into an "autonomous space" (a place where they could do whatever they wanted). They built a half pipe (a U-shaped ramp for skateboarding) and two band rooms (places for musical groups to practice) in the basement. Max Meyer, one of the owners, knew they were using the building, but he did nothing. That's why the authorities couldn't do anything. So the factory project ran until New Year's Day 1991.
Threat of leave
In spring 1991, the squatters started the . They wanted to talk about a rent with the owners. But the discussions did not work. In April 1991, the city had said they must leave.
But parties were still held in the old buildings. On 7 December 1991, a group of people with extreme right-wing views entered the factory and tried to take over. The owners had to close the buildings by 15 February 1992. At the same time, the electricity company threatened to cut off the power.
Forming of the organization
The activists started a fresh attempt to form the organization "KuZeB" to keep up. They made a concept of use and gave it to the owners of the property and the authorities. There was a suggestion to close the building. But the activists argued and asked the owners not to and the owners said yes. The people liked it and the city government confirmed that they never said no to renting.
So 18 March 1992 is the day when the Kulturzentrum Bremgarten started.
Rental contract
The Whitsun market was very popular (an annual event). In August 1992, the Spanish club moved away and KuZeB took over the place. On 27 August 1992 KuZeB signed a rental contract which was not returned (agreed to by the other side). But the relatives of the previous owner of the factory still get a small rent since 30 years. The rest is 'squatted'. Now the concept for how the building will be used was put in place bit by bit.
Now, KuZeB is the oldest self-governing social centre in Switzerland, it comes without any public money.
Troubles
On 7 June 2002, the police of Aargau canton searched the Kulturzentrum Bremgarten. They took a banner that was hanging from the house. The banner had a symbol of a swastika crossed out inside a sign that means "no." The search happened because someone was accused of breaking the law against racism. In a statement, the people who run KuZeB described the action as both strange and a form of political satire.