Naoda is a community development block that forms an administrative division in the Berhampore subdivision of Murshidabad district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Geography
Naoda is located at
Naoda CD block is bounded by Hariharpara CD block in the north, Karimpur I and Karimpur II CD blocks, in Nadia district, in the east, Tehatta II CD block, in Nadia district, in the south and Beldanga II CD block in the west.
Naoda CD block lies in the Ganges-Bhagirathi Basin, which is a long and narrow river valley. The Bhagirathi River splits the district into two natural physiographic regions – Rarh on the west and Bagri on the east. It has fertile soil suitable for cultivation.
The Bagri or the eastern part of the district is a low lying alluvial plain with the shape of an isosceles triangle. The Ganges/Padma and the Bhagirathi form the two equal sides; the Jalangi forms the entire base; other offshoots of the Ganges meander within the area. It is liable to be flooded by the spill of the Bhagirathi and other rivers.
Naoda CD block has an area of 231.39 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 10 gram panchayats, 162 gram sansads (village councils), 39 mouzas and 28 inhabited villages. Naoda police station serves this block. Headquarters of this CD block is at Surangapur.
Gram panchayats of Naoda block/ panchayat samiti are: Bali I, Bali II, Chandpur, Kedarchandpur I, Kedarchandpur II, Madhupur, Nawda, Patikabari, Raipur and Sarbangapur.
Demographics
Population
According to the 2011 Census of India, Nawda CD block had a total population of 226,859, all of which were rural. There were 116,341 (51%) males and 110,518 (49%) females. The population below 6 years of age was 27,209. Scheduled Castes numbered 14,804 (6.53%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 1,526 (0.67%).
As per 2001 census, Naoda block has a total population of 196,021, out of which 100,997 were males and 95,024 were females. Naoda block registered a population growth of 19.14 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the district was 23.70 per cent. Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.
The decadal growth of population in Naoda CD block in 2001-2011 was 15.60%.
Decadal Population Growth Rate (%)
Sources:
Villages
Large villages in Naoda CD block (2011 census population figures in brackets): Kedarchandpur (8,838), Alampur (6,267), Dakatiapota (2,738), Ramnachandpur (19,452), Dudhsar (4,562), Sarbangapur (13,898), Bali (22,779), Tungi (9,128), Goghata (8,627), Sonatikri (8,982), Bundai Nagar (6,908), Raypur (11,504), Madhupur (20,697), Chandkati (7,046), Gangadhari (5,268), Surangapur (6,343), Jagiapur (6,360), Edrakpur (12,311), Mahammadpur (7,928), Patikabari (11,232) and Chandpur (11,880).
Literacy
As per the 2011 census, the total number of literates in Naoda CD block was 131,957 (66.09% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 68,595 (66.91% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 63,362 (65.24% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 1.67%.
See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate
Language and religion
In the 2011 census, Muslims numbered 163,054 and formed 71.87% of the population in Naoda CD Block. Hindus numbered 63,503 and formed 27.99% of the population. Others numbered 302 and formed 0.14% of the population. In Naoda CD Block while the proportion of Muslims increased from 66.46% in 1991 to 69.67% in 2001, the proportion of Hindus declined from 33.54% in 1991 to 30.24% in 2001.
Murshidabad district had 4,707,573 Muslims who formed 66.27% of the population, 2,359,061 Hindus who formed 33.21% of the population, and 37, 173 persons belonging to other religions who formed 0.52% of the population, in the 2011 census. While the proportion of Muslim population in the district increased from 61.40% in 1991 to 63.67% in 2001, the proportion of Hindu population declined from 38.39% in 1991 to 35.92% in 2001.
Bengali is the predominant language, spoken by 99.94% of the population.
Rural poverty
As per the Human Development Report 2004 for West Bengal, the rural poverty ratio in Murshidabad district was 46.12%. Purulia, Bankura and Birbhum districts had higher rural poverty ratios. These estimates were based on Central Sample data of NSS 55th round 1999-2000.
Economy
Livelihood
In Naoda CD block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators formed 25.57%, agricultural labourers 49.93%, household industry workers 3.08% and other workers 21.72%.