Leidy (op. cit., p. 247, plate XVII, fig. 16) referred some fragments of mastodon teeth found at Tarboro to his _Mastodon obscurus_; but these seem to the writer to belong to _Gomphotherium rugosidens_. We do not know that _G. obscurum_ is a Pleistocene species, nor is it certain that it has been found in North Carolina.
1. _Beaufort, Beaufort County._—In the region about Beaufort numerous remains of mastodons have been found, most of which are to be referred to _Mammut americanum_. In the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia the writer has seen a fine left lower last molar of this species. The collection of Rutgers College contains a part of a tooth from Coosaw River. At Princeton University there is an upper second true molar from somewhere about Beaufort. Field Natural History Museum has 3 teeth of _Mammut_, recorded as having been found in the phosphate bed at Beaufort.
Leidy (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1870, p. 98) stated he had seen, in the collection of C. N. Shepard at Amherst College, bones, fragments of jaws, and teeth of mastodon from the marl at the head of Hilton Harbor, on St. Helena Island, on which Beaufort is situated. Among these were 2 inferior tusks about 10 inches long and 2 inches in diameter at the base. If the molars which accompanied them had differed from those of _Mammut americanum_, Leidy would have been quick to note the fact. Evidently the bones and teeth mentioned by Leidy are those now in the mounted skeleton at Amherst College, described by Professor F. B. Loomis (Amer. Jour. Sci., ser. 3, vol. XLV, p. 437, figs. 1, 3, 4) as _Mastodon americanus_. This was a very large animal and the two large lower tusks show that it belonged to _Mammut progenium_.
In the Academy’s collection at Philadelphia is a large hindermost molar, 180 mm. long and 96 mm. wide, which had been sent to the Academy in company with the type of _Gomphotherium rugosidens_.
2. _Ashley River, above Charleston, Charleston County._—In 1860 (Holmes’s Post-Pl. Foss. South Carolina, p. 109), Leidy stated that fragments of teeth and bones had been found in the Post-Pliocene deposits of Ashley River, apparently referable to _Mastodon ohioticus_ (_Mammut americanum_). In a footnote to this statement, F. S. Holmes says that since Leidy’s statement was written several perfect teeth have been discovered, and referred to plate XIX, figures 1, 2, 3. These figures illustrate the teeth which belonged to Dr. L. F. Klipstein, Christ Church. In the preface to Holmes’s work he refers to the teeth on this plate as being those associated with teeth of a horse, remains of a deer, and a piece of pottery. On page III of the introduction there is further explanation of the discovery. Exactly where the swamp which Klipstein was draining was situated seems not to have been stated, but the context appears to indicate that it was somewhere along Ashley River.