Fort Ridgely, establishment of, 18; reference to, 35, 72, 130, 138, 139, 143, 147, 158, 178, 179, 225, 241, 242, 246, 249, 256; news of massacre carried to, 122-127; sending of relief expedition from, 128-131; arrival of relief expedition from, 153-158

Frontier, advance of, 1-8; disreputable elements on, 11, 23; failure of government to protect, 12; lack of protection on, 17-25; settlements on, in 1857, 37-41; winter of 1856-1857 on, 42, 43; plan for attacks on, 69, 74; efforts to secure protection of, 260; tribute to services of pioneers on, 268; disappearance of, 269

The Spirit Lake Massacre — Part 183

Frost, Nathaniel, 58, 153; trip of, to Slocum's farm, 135

The Spirit Lake Massacre — Part 183

Gardner, Abbie, 47, 103, 113, 121, 228, 234, 245, 246, 267; taking of, as captive, 103, 104; early experiences of, in captivity, 111, 112; burden borne by, 216, 217; attitude of, toward captivity, 220; history of ransom of, 232-244; price paid for ransom of, 237; journey of, from Yellow Medicine to St. Paul, 240-242; ceremony in honor of, 242, 243; war bonnet presented to, 243; return of, to friends in Iowa, 244; marriage of, 270 (see Sharp, Mrs. Abbie Gardner)

The Spirit Lake Massacre — Part 183

Gardner, Eliza, 47, 57, 121, 133, 195, 244, 270

Gardner, Rowland, migrations of, 47-50; arrival of, at Lake Okoboji, 50; settlement of, at Lake Okoboji, 50-53; reference to, 57, 118, 133; camp of Indians near cabin of, 95, 96; plan of, for trip to Fort Dodge, 96, 97; first visit of Indians to cabin of, 97, 98; fears of, 99, 100; killing of cattle of, 101; suspense in cabin of, 101; desire of, to resist Indians, 102; massacre at cabin of, 102-104; pillaging of cabin of, 104; discovery of massacre at cabin of, 123; burial of victims of massacre at cabin of, 195; burial party at cabin of, 195, 196; monument near cabin of, 266; preëmpting of claim of, 270

Gardner, Rowland, Jr., 47, 118; killing of, 103

Gardner, Mrs. Rowland, 51, 97; unwillingness of, to resist Indians, 102; effort of, to prevent murder, 102; killing of, 103

Gates, Emery W., 165, 171, 213; meal cooked by, 179

Gillett brothers, visit of Indians to, 91, 92; Indian killed by, 92; flight of, 92

Gillett's Grove, settlement at, 39; reference to, 41, 53, 94, 113; Inkpaduta's band at, 91, 92

Government (see United States government)

Granger, Carl, settlement of, at Lake Okoboji, 52, 53; reference to, 105, 118; killing of, 107; burial of body of, 195