Émile Auguste Étienne Martin Deschanel (19 November 1819, Paris – 26 January 1904, Paris) was a French author and politician, the father of Paul Deschanel, the 11th President of the French Republic.
His works include: Études sur Aristophane (1867), Le Romantisme des classiques (1882), and the controversial Catholicisme et socialisme (1850). As a result, Napoleon III forced him into exile between 1851 and 1859. He later became a professor at the Collège de France and in 1881 became a senator for life.
A street bearing his name is located in the 7th arrondissement of Paris bordering the Champ de Mars.