4. In the province of Peræa but one place is identified as connected with the life of Christ: =Bethabara= (Revised version, "Bethany beyond the Jordan") the place of the baptism and of the first disciples; thirteen miles south of the Sea of Galilee.
5. In Philip's tetrarchy, east of the Sea of Galilee, we note three places: 1.) =Cæsarea Philippi=, at the foot of the Mount Hermon (Mark 8. 27; 9. 2). 2.) =Bethsaida=, at the head of the Sea of Galilee, east of the Jordan (Luke 9. 10-13). 3.) =Gergesa= or =Gerasa=, a little place on the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee (Matt. 8. 28).
VI. =It was a Subject Land.= Half a century before the birth of Christ the Jews became subject to Rome, and thenceforward various changes took place in the form of government:
1. The whole land, with some surrounding provinces, was a =kingdom= under Herod the Great (Matt. 2. 1), but tributary to the emperor at Rome from 37 B. C. to 4 B. C., the year of Christ's birth.
2. On Herod's death it was divided into three =tetrarchies=, "fourth-part rules." Archelaus became tetrarch of Judea and Samaria (Matt. 2. 22); Herod Antipas, tetrarch of Galilee and Peræa (Matt. 14. 1; Luke 23. 6, 7); Herod Philip, tetrarch of the Bashan district (Luke 3. 1). A fourth tetrarchy, outside of Palestine, on the north, was held by Lysanias (Luke 3. 1).
3. About the year 7 A. D., when Jesus was eleven years old, Archelaus was deposed by the Roman emperor and his dominion made a province under a Roman procurator, the other two tetrarchies remaining undisturbed. This was the form of government during the ministry of Jesus. Judea and Samaria constituting one Roman province under Pontius Pilate; Galilee and Peræa, Herod's tetrarchy, and Bashan, Philip's tetrarchy.
4. In the year 37 the Roman emperor made Herod Agrippa I. king first over Judea, and then, in 41, over all the dominions of his grandfather, so that Palestine became a kingdom again. He is mentioned in Acts 12. 1.
5. On Agrippa's death, in A. D. 44, a new division took place. Agrippa II., son of Agrippa I., became ruler of Chalcis and Bashan. He is called, but by courtesy only, "King Agrippa," in Acts 25. 13; 26. 1, 2. The rest of Palestine, consisting of Judea, Samaria, and Peræa, became again a procuratorship under direct Roman rule. See Acts 23. 24; 24. 27.