The following lists events that happened during 1858 in Australia.
Incumbents
Governors
Governors of the Australian colonies: Governor of New South Wales – Sir William Denison Governor of South Australia – Shannon Amour Osborne Governor of Tasmania – Sir Henry Young Governor of Victoria – Sir Henry Barkly Governor of Western Australia as a Crown Colony – Sir Arthur Kennedy
Premiers
Premiers of the Australian colonies: Premier of New South Wales – Charles Cowper Premier of South Australia – Richard Hanson Premier of Tasmania – Francis Smith Premier of Victoria – Dr William Haines (until 10 March), then John O'Shanassy
Events
12 July – The first edition of The Advertiser newspaper is published in Adelaide, South Australia. 7 August – The first recorded game of Australian rules football is played between Melbourne Grammar School and Scotch College at Yarra Park. 10 September – Fitzroy, Victoria becomes a municipality in its own right, after separating from the City of Melbourne. 8 December – The construction of St Patrick's Cathedral, Melbourne begins.
Arts and literature
Births
28 January – Sir Edgeworth David, geologist and explorer (born in the United Kingdom) (d. 1934) 18 June – Sir Hector Rason, 7th Premier of Western Australia (born in the United Kingdom) (d. 1927) 2 July – King O'Malley, Tasmanian politician (born in the United States) (d. 1953) 5 September – Victor Daley, poet (born in Ireland) (d. 1905) 27 October – Sir Elliott Lewis, 19th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1935) 17 December – John Barrett, Victorian politician (d. 1928)
Deaths
16 February – Sir Charles Augustus FitzRoy, 10th Governor of New South Wales (born and died in the United Kingdom) (b. 1796) 2 April – Sir Ralph Darling, 7th Governor of New South Wales (born in Ireland and died in the United Kingdom) (b. 1772) 31 August – Elizabeth Underwood, settler (b. 1794)