[87] Istoria della Citta di Viterbo, p. 213. Folio, Roma, 1742.
[88] "Non giuocare a zara, nè ad altro giuoco di dadi, fa de' giuochi che usano i fanciulli; agli aliossi, alla trottola, a' ferri, a' _Naibi_, a' coderone, e simili,"--Cronica di Giovan. Morelli, in Malespini's Istoria Fiorentina, p. 270. 4to, Florence, 1728.
[89] Idée Générale d'une Collection complète d'Estampes, p. 240.
[90] C. G. von Murr, Journal zur Kunstgeschichte, 2ter Theil, s. 98. 8vo, Nuremberg, 1776.
[91] Jansen, Essai sur l'Origine de la Gravure en Bois, &c., quoted by Peignot, p. 256.
[92] "Donné à Jacquemin Gringonneur, peintre, pour trois jeux de cartes à or et à diverses couleurs, ornés de plusieurs devises, pour porter devers le Seigneur Roi, pour son ébatement, cinquante-six sols parisis."--Menestrier, Bibliothèque curieuse et instructive, tom. ii, pp. 168-94. 12mo, Trévoux, 1704. According to Barrois, the name _Gringonneur_ signified a maker of _Grangons_. "Ce nom a fait prendre le change; il signifie faiseur de grangons. 'Grangium _Grangons_ certus tesserarum ludus.' Voir Glossarium de Ducange, Supplément, t. ii, col. 651. Les premières cartes se vendaient à Paris, chez Jacquemin, gringoneur, fabricant de dés, parce que les dés et les cartes s'employaient simultanément. (Voir Miniature de notre cabinet dans l'Abusé en Court, manuscrit de XV^e siècle.) D'où dégringoler, rouler en sautillant comme les dés."--Elémens Carlovingiens, linguistiques et littéraires, p. 265. 4to, Paris, 1846.
[93] The following "shrewd reply," which owes its point to Menestrier's account of the invention of cards, appeared in a weekly journal about three years ago. "Sir Walter Scott says, that the alleged origin of the invention of cards produced one of the shrewdest replies he had ever heard given in evidence. It was made by the late Dr. Gregory, at Edinburgh, to a counsel of great eminence at the Scottish bar. The doctor's testimony went to prove the insanity of the party whose mental capacity was the point at issue. On a cross-interrogation he admitted that the person in question played admirably at whist. 'And do you seriously say, doctor,' said the learned counsel, 'that a person having a superior capacity for a game so difficult, and which requires, in a pre-eminent degree, memory, judgment, and combination, can be at the same time deranged in his understanding?' 'I am no card-player,' said the doctor, with great address, 'but I have read in history that cards were invented for the amusement of an insane king.' The consequences of this reply were decisive."