I told Lewis I thought their resignation was not called for, and what I would have advised the Queen. He said the whole question was well and most calmly and dispassionately considered, and they were unanimous as to the necessity of resignation, with the sole exception of Vernon Smith, and that was without any _arrière pensée_ of returning on an anticipated failure of Derby; that the Queen had begged Palmerston not to resign upon this vote, and he had returned to the Cabinet, and reported what she said, but they were all without exception for adhering to their resignation. Derby, too, had evidently wished to afford Palmerston an opportunity of recalling it, for he had begged the Queen to take twenty-four hours to consider of it; but it is probable that Her Majesty, having failed to persuade Palmerston in the first instance, had thought it useless to make any further attempts.
Lewis gave me such strong reasons for their determination, that I confess they materially shook my opinion. He said there was no possibility of mistaking the feeling there was against Palmerston, which if I had been present and seen what passed in the House that night, I could not have doubted; that the only way in which they could have stayed in was by getting somebody to move a vote of confidence, which was too dangerous an experiment, as in the present state of the House of Commons it was at least an even chance that such a vote would not have been carried, and certain that they would have had all the great guns of all sides thundering against them. He thought Palmerston's speech had been very ill advised, and had done much harm, and that it was a mistake not to have adjourned the debate, when it was very probable that they might have had an opportunity of changing the fortune of it.
The Second Derby Administration--Lord Derby's first Speech--Lord Clanricarde defends himself--The New Ministry--Coincidences--Lord Derby's favourable Position--Opinion of the Speaker--Lord Derby's Liberal Declarations--Dinner to Mr. Buckle--Instability of the Government--Mr. Disraeli's sanguine Views--India--Prospects of the new Government--A Visit to the Duc d'Aumale--Delicate Relations with France--Lord John Russell and Lord Palmerston--Irritation of the Whigs--Marshal Pélissier Ambassador in London--The Peelites and the Whigs--Failure of the India Bill--An Overture from Lord John Russell--Dissensions of the Whigs--Lord Derby resolves to remain in Office--Lord John Russell proposes to deal with the India Bill by Resolutions--Mistake of the Whigs in resigning on the Conspiracy Bill--Withdrawal of the India Bill--Policy of the Whigs in Opposition--Lord Cowley on the Relations of France and England--Strong Opposition to the Government--Lord Derby on the State of Affairs--Disunion of the Whigs--Lord Canning's Proclamation--Littlecote House--Vehemence of the Opposition--Lord Lyndhurst displeased--Debates on the Indian Proclamation--Collapse of the Debates--Triumph of the Ministry--Disraeli's violent Speech at Slough--Lord Palmerston's Discomfiture--Prospects of a Fusion--Success of the Government--Concessions to the Radicals--The Queen's Visit to Birmingham--Progress of the India Bill--The Jew Bill--The Jew Bill passed--Disturbed State of India--Baron Brunnow on the Russian War.