Schloss Blühnbach () is a stately home in the Blühnbach valley in Werfen, Salzburg (state), Austria. Formerly, it was a hunting lodge of the Prince-Archbishops of Salzburg and Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, whose assassination in Sarajevo triggered World War I. The estate is privately owned and ‘hermetically closed’ to the public.
History
Prince-Archbishops of Salzburg
Already in the Middle Ages, there was a hunting seat of the Salzburg Archbishops in the Blühnbach Valley. During the German Peasants' War of 1525/1526, the manor house was destroyed. However, it was soon restored afterwards. It was a modest building, primarily constructed from wood. Prince-Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau (1559-1617) created a hunting lodge in stone between 1603 and 1608. The name of the architect is not known, but an attribution to the Italian Vincenzo Scamozzi from Vicenza could be defended, as he was working in Salzburg at the same time. Although some state that this is just speculation. Master builders involved were Ruep Eder, Andrä Mairer and Gabriël Prändtl. In 1604, a newly fitted roof collapsed under the snow load of the harsh winter and had to be renewed the next year. With the finalization of the stables, the castle was completed in 1608. However, the planned magnificent interior decoration was largely omitted, as Wolf Dietrich was disposed and his successor Prince-Archbishop Markus Sittich von Hohenems (1574-1619) was not fond of hunting. Instead, he preferred the pleasure gardens of Hellbrunn Palace.
Blühnbach’s first heyday was under Prince-Archbishop Paris Lodron (1586-1653). Large hunting events were held in the valley. Also, he invited important guest such as Leopold V, Archduke of Austria (1586-1632) and Claudia de' Medici (1604-1648) to join the hunt events. In this period, a large stable was constructed to house the hunting dogs. From the 18th century, Schloss Blühnbach lost its attraction with the Prince-Archbishops due to its remote location. The hunting lodge in Weitwörth was much closer to Salzburg. It soon served as a stud farm for several hundred horses. The last Prince-Archbishop, Hieronymus von Colloredo (1732-1812, Prince-Archbishop from 1772 to 1803), was fond of hunting and loved to come to Blühnbach. He expanded the castle, reroofed it and replaced the furniture.
After the incorporation of the Salzburg state into Austria, the castle belonged to the Austrian state. It was leased to a hunting society of local nobility in 1842. They used it as a base for big game hunting. On invite of the society, Archduke Franz Ferdinand visited the Blühnbach for the first time in 1892.
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria
When Archduke Franz Ferdinand became interested in the estate, it was transferred from the Austrian state to the Habsburg private property in 1908. Franz Ferdinand was able to acquire practically the entire valley, creating a hunting estate with 14,000 hectares of forest. He used the castle as a hunting lodge. He engaged the Viennese architect Ludwig Simon to convert and expand the castle in historicist style and “embellish” the former Renaissance fronts with Neo-Renaissance decor. Also, an additional floor was added to the building changing its proportions. For the interior, he engaged the Viennese firm Sigmund Járay. The aim was to find furniture in the art trade that once belonged to Prince-Archbishop Wolf Dietrich or at least came from his time. However, the heir to the throne could not enjoy his new hunting lodge for long, as the construction work was not completed until 1913 and he was assassinated in Sarajevo the following year, which triggered the First World War. Shortly before, he had killed a white chamois in the Blühnbach area, which gave new fuel to the old hunter's superstition that shooting down a white animal is bad luck.
Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach
In 1916, Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria sold the estate to Gustav Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach (1870-1950), who used it as a place to spend the summer holidays. Gustav was to become one of the defendants in the Nuremberg trials after the Second World War. However, he was removed from the list as he was unfit to stand trial due to illness. He spent his last years in Blühnbach. At the same time, the American authorities confiscated the main building and converted it into a refugee home with 80 rooms. Only, in the 1950s, it was returned to Gustav’s son Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach (1907-1967). After his death, the estate passed to his son Arndt von Bohlen und Halbach (1938-1986). In 1973, the forests surrounding the castle were sold to the Austrian Federal Forest agency ().