Bucerotiformes

Bucerotiformes is an order of birds that contains the hornbills, ground hornbills, hoopoes and wood hoopoes. These birds were previously classified as members of Coraciiformes. The clade is distributed in Africa, Asia, Europe and Melanesia.

Systematics

Recent genetic data show that ground hornbills and Bycanistes form a clade outside the rest of the hornbill lineage. They are thought to represent an early African lineage, while the rest of Bucerotiformes evolved in Asia. The hoopoe subspecies Saint Helena hoopoe and the Madagascar subspecies are sometimes elevated to a full species. The two wood hoopoe genera, Phoeniculus and Rhinopomastus, appear to have diverged about 10 million years ago, so some systematists treat them as separate subfamilies or even separate families.

Extinct Messelirrisoridae and Laurillardiidae families were both considered to be stem groups of a previously categorized Upupiformes order prior to it being subcategorized into Bucerotiformes.

Taxonomy

Order Bucerotiformes

Family Messelirrisoridae

Genus Messelirrisor

Messelirrisor halcyrostris

Messelirrisor grandis

Messelirrisor parvus

Family Laurillardiidae

Genus Laurillardia

Laurillardia longirostris

Laurillardia munieri

Laurillardia smoleni

Suborder Upupi

Family Phoeniculidae

Genus Phoeniculus

Green wood hoopoe, Phoeniculus purpureus

Violet wood hoopoe, Phoeniculus damarensis

Black-billed wood hoopoe, Phoeniculus somaliensis

White-headed wood hoopoe, Phoeniculus bollei

Forest wood hoopoe, Phoeniculus castaneiceps

Genus Rhinopomastus

Black scimitarbill, Rhinopomastus aterrimus

Common scimitarbill, Rhinopomastus cyanomelas

Abyssinian scimitarbill, Rhinopomastus minor

Family Upupidae

Genus Upupa

Eurasian hoopoe, Upupa epops

African hoopoe, Upupa africana

Madagascar hoopoe, Upupa marginata

Suborder Buceroti

Family Bucorvidae

Genus Bucorvus

Abyssinian ground hornbill, Bucorvus abyssinicus

Southern ground hornbill, Bucorvus leadbeateri

Family Bucerotidae

Genus Bycanistes

Trumpeter hornbill, Bycanistes bucinator

Piping hornbill, Bycanistes fistulator

Silvery-cheeked hornbill, Bycanistes brevis

Black-and-white-casqued hornbill, Bycanistes subcylindricus

Brown-cheeked hornbill, Bycanistes cylindricus

White-thighed hornbill, Bycanistes albotibialis

Genus Horizocerus

White-crested hornbill, Horizocerus albocristatus

Black dwarf hornbill, Horizocerus hartlaubi

Genus Tockus

Red-billed dwarf hornbill, Tockus camurus

Monteiro's hornbill, Tockus monteiri

Red-billed hornbill group

Northern red-billed hornbill, Tockus erythrorhynchus

Damara red-billed hornbill, Tockus damarensis

Southern red-billed hornbill, Tockus rufirostris

Tanzanian red-billed hornbill, Tockus ruahae

Western red-billed hornbill, Tockus kempi

Eastern yellow-billed hornbill, Tockus flavirostris

Southern yellow-billed hornbill, Tockus leucomelas

Jackson's hornbill, Tockus jacksoni

Von der Decken's hornbill, Tockus deckeni

Crowned hornbill, Tockus alboterminatus

Bradfield's hornbill, Tockus bradfieldi

African pied hornbill, Tockus fasciatus

Hemprich's hornbill, Tockus hemprichii

Pale-billed hornbill, Tockus pallidirostris

African grey hornbill, Tockus nasutus

Genus Ocyceros

Malabar grey hornbill, Ocyceros griseus

Sri Lanka grey hornbill, Ocyceros gingalensis

Indian grey hornbill, Ocyceros biostris

Genus Anthracoceros

Malabar pied hornbill, Anthracoceros coronatus

Oriental pied hornbill, Anthracoceros albirostris

Black hornbill, Anthracoceros malayanus

Palawan hornbill, Antracoceros marchei

Sulu hornbill, Anthracoceros montani

Genus Buceros

Rhinoceros hornbill, Buceros rhinoceros

Great hornbill, Buceros bicornis

Rufous hornbill, Buceros hydrocorax