(3) =Chrysophanus xanthoides=, Boisduval, Plate XXVIII, Fig. 29, ♂; Fig. 30, ♀ (The Great Copper).
_Butterfly._--The student will easily recognize it by its larger size, it being the largest species of the genus in North America, and by its creamy-white under surface, spotted with distinct small black spots, in large part reproducing the spots of the upper side. Expanse, 1.50-1.65 inch.
(4) =Chrysophanus editha=, Mead, Plate XXVIII, Fig. 26, ♂; Fig. 27, ♀ (Editha).
_Butterfly._--This is a much smaller species than the last, which it somewhat resembles on the upper side. On the under side it is wholly unlike _xanthoides_, the wings being pale pearly-gray, pale ochreous on the outer margins, the spots of the fore wings black and of the hind wings ochreous, narrowly margined with white or fine black lines. Expanse, 1.10-1.25 inch.
(5) =Chrysophanus gorgon=, Boisduval, Plate XXVIII, Fig. 35, ♂; Fig. 36, ♀ (Gorgon).
_Butterfly._--Somewhat like the preceding species, but with the fore wings of the male redder on the upper side, and of the female more broadly mottled with pale red, the spots in some specimens inclining to buff. The under side of the wings is white, marked with the usual series of black spots. The secondaries have a marginal series of elongated pale-red spots, tipped at either end with black. Expanse, 1.25-1.30 inch.
_Early Stages._--We as yet know nothing of these.
_Gorgon_ is found in California and Nevada.
(6) =Chrysophanus thoë=, Boisduval, Plate XXVIII, Fig. 31, ♂; Fig. 32, ♀; Plate V, Fig. 50, _chrysalis_ (The Bronze Copper).
_Butterfly._--The plate makes a description of the upper side of the wings unnecessary. On the under side the fore wing in both sexes is bright tawny-red, pale gray at the apex; the hind wings are bluish-gray, with a broad band of carmine on the outer margin. Both wings are profusely adorned with small black spots. Expanse, 1.30-1.40 inch.
_Early Stages._--These are only partially known. The caterpillar feeds on _Rumex_.
It is not uncommon in northern Indiana, Illinois, and Pennsylvania, and ranges from Maine to Kansas and Colorado.
(7) =Chrysophanus mariposa=, Reakirt, Plate XXVIII, Fig. 37, ♂; Fig. 38, ♀ (Reakirt's Copper).
_Butterfly._--Small, with a broad dusky band on the hind wing of the male and on the fore wing of the female. The male is purplish-red above, the female bright red, with the usual spots. On the under side the ground-color of the fore wings is pale red, of the hind wings clear ashen-gray, with the characteristic markings of the genus. Expanse, 1.10 inch.