=*Aethylis Chloridum (Aethyl. Chlor.), Ethyl Chloride, U.S.P.=--Monochlorethane, CH{ 3}CH{ 2}Cl.
A colorless, very volatile liquid, with an agreeable odor and a sweetish, burning taste. The vapor is very inflammable. Slightly soluble in water and freely soluble in alcohol and in ether.
ACTION AND USES: Local anesthetic for minor operations. Used in the form of a spray to produce intense cold. Has also been used by inhalation as general anesthetic in short operations.
=*Aethylmorphinae Hydrochloridum (Aethylmorph. Hydrochl.), Ethylmorphine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.= (Ethylmorphine Chloride, Dionin).
A white, odorless powder, with a slightly bitter taste. Very soluble in water (1:8) and soluble in alcohol (1:22).
ACTION AND USES: Systemically, intermediate between those of morphine and codeine. Probably possesses no advantage over codeine. When applied to the eye it causes local hyperemia terminating in acute conjunctival edema.
DOSAGE: 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain (U.S.P.). Used as 10 per cent. ointment or solution in corneal opacity and similar conditions.
=Agar (Agar), Agar, U.S.P.= (Agar-Agar).--A mucilaginous substance extracted from certain seaweeds.
Nearly white, almost odorless and tasteless strips, shreds or powder, tough when damp, brittle when dry. Insoluble in cold water, but slowly soluble in hot water.
ACTION AND USES: Passes through the intestinal canal almost unchanged. Absorbs and retains moisture. Used in chronic constipation with intestinal atony; renders the feces soft and bulky and thus promotes peristalsis.
DOSAGE: 10 Gm. or 2-1/2 drachms (U.S.P.).
=Agaricus (Agaric), Agaric, N.F.= (White Agaric, Larch Agaric).--The fruit body of a fungus.
ACTION AND USES: Empirical and unreliable remedy for night sweats of phthisis.
=*Alcohol (Alcohol), Alcohol, U.S.P.=--Not less than 92.3 per cent. by weight or 94.9 per cent. by volume of C{ 2}H{ 5}OH.
A colorless, volatile, inflammable liquid, with a characteristic odor and burning taste. Freely miscible with water, ether or chloroform.
ACTION AND USES: Rubefacient, astringent, antiseptic and by its evaporation a refrigerant. Internally it is a narcotic widely used as a "stimulant" but may do more harm than good.
_Alcohol Dehydratum (Alcohol Dehyd.), Dehydrated Alcohol, U.S.P._ (Alcohol Absolutum, U.S.P. VIII).--Not less than 99 per cent. by weight of C{ 2}H{ 5}OH.