[113] अरणि _arani_, the plant of which especial use is made for kindling fire, is the _Premna spinosa_ (_Wilson’s Dict._).
[114] Perhaps खदिर _khadira_, (mimosa catechu).
[115] उडम्वर _udamvara_, “glomerous fig-tree” (ficus glomerosa, Rox.).
[117] दूर्वा bent grass, commonly dub (Panicum dactylon) (_Wilson’s Dict._).
[118] Probably a tree with black blossoms, perhaps काल स्कन्ध _kála-shandha_, a sort of ebony; or the _tamála_, bearing dark blossoms.
[119] अग्निष्टोम According to Wilson’s Dict., a sacrifice, or rather a series of offerings, to fire, for five days, to be celebrated in the spring, from _Agni_, “the deity presiding over fire,” and _Stoma_, “an offering.”
[120] Perhaps युग्मकं _yugmakam_, “couple.”――A. T.
[121] वाजपेय from _waj_, “the acetous fermentation of meal and water,” and _pèya_, to be drunk (by the gods).
[122] ज्योष्टिोम from _jyotish_, “light,” and _stóma_, “an offering;” a particular sacrifice, at which sixteen priests are required.
[123] पञ्जहोम From _panja_, “five,” and _hóma_, “a burnt offering.”
[124] The months are so called from certain Nakshatras, or the twenty-seven stellar mansions, two and one quarter of which make up each sign of the zodiac. The sun passes through those signs in twelve months, and the moon through each sign in two days and a quarter. _Mágha_ is so called from the tenth Nakshatra Mágha, represented by a house; _Vaiśaka_, from Viśakha, the sixteenth, represented by a festoon; and _Márgaśirsha_, from the fifth Mriga-siras, or the antelope’s head.――D. S.
[125] Here terminates the translation of the late D. Shee, p. 201, l. 9, of the Calcutta edition.
[126] According to the _Institutes of Manu_ (chap. VII. sl. 94-95): “The soldier who, fearing and turning his back, happens to be slain by his foes in an engagement, shall take upon himself all the sin of his commander, whatever it be: and the commander shall take to himself the fruit of all the good conduct which the soldier who turns his back and is killed, had previously stored up for a future life.” (_Transl. of Sir W. Jones._)
[127] _Manu_ (_ibid._, ch. VIII. sl. 304-305) determines the recompense or punishment of good or bad kings as follows: “A sixth part of the reward for virtuous deeds, performed by the whole people, belongs to the king who protects them; but, if he protect them not, a sixth part of their iniquity lights on him.” The legislator redoubles the amount of punishment to a bad king in a subsequent _sloka_ (308): “That king who gives no protection, yet takes a sixth part of the grain as his revenue, wise men have considered as a prince who draws to him the foulness of his people.”