Now that it was seen that ships of enormous displacement could also be swift, England committed herself to the building of ships of even greater size. In 1907 came the first of the modern dreadnoughts, so-called from the name which was given to the original ship of 17,900 tons displacement. The _Dreadnought_ made the marvelous speed (for a ship of that size) of 21 knots, which she was enabled to do with turbine engines of 23,000 horsepower. Her armor measured from 8 to 11 inches in thickness, and her great size enabled her to carry as high as ten 12-inch guns. Her minor batteries were strong in proportion.
Then, as if taking her breath after a stupendous effort, England in the following year built two ships of 16,000 tons displacement, the _Lord Nelson_ and the _Agamemnon_, with speed, armor, and armament much lower than those of the _Dreadnought_. But having taken a rest, Britain was again to make a great effort, launching in 1909 the _Temeraire_, _Superb_, and _Bellerophon_, monsters displacing 18,600 tons. With engines of 23,000 horsepower that could drive them through the seas at 21 knots, ready to ward off blows with armor from 8 to 11 inches thick, firing at the same time volleys from ten 12-inch guns down to sixteen 4-inch rapid firers.
Naval architecture had now taken a definite turn, the principal feature of which was the tremendous size of the destructive floating machines. England, a leader in this sort of building, in 1910 built the _Vanguard_, _Collingwood_, and _St. Vincent_, each displacing 19,250 tons. Nor were they lacking in speed, for they made, on an average, 21 knots. The 20,000-ton battleship was then a matter of months only, and it came in the following year, when the _Colossus_, _Hercules_, and _Neptune_ were launched. It was only in the matter of displacement that these three ships showed any difference from those of the _Vanguard_ class; there were no great innovations either in armament or armor. But in the same year, 1911, there were launched the _Thunderer_, _Monarch_, _Orion_, and _Conqueror_, each of 22,500 tons, and equipped with armor from 8 to 12 inches thick, for the days of 3-inch armor on first-class warships had gone forever. These had a speed of 21 knots, and were the first British ships to have anything greater than a 12-inch gun. They carried as a primary battery ten 13.5-inch guns, and sixteen 4-inch guns, along with six more of small caliber as their secondary battery.