Pokrovskoye-Streshnevo Estate is an estate in the north-west of Мoscow. Other names include Pokrovskoye-Glebovo and Glebovo-Streshnevo. It has a manor house in the classicism style, a from the 17th century, and other various Russian Revival architecture buildings.
Early history
In the Middle Ages, on the site of the current estate, there was a village named Podjolki (). The name is derived from the forest that was in the area. The area, like neighboring Tushino, belonged to the boyar and his descendants. At the end of Ivan the Terrible's reign, deacon E. I. Blagovo bought the land. By this time, the village was deserted, as evidenced by the from 1584—1585, where Pokrovskoye-Streshnevo was mentioned for the first time.
In 1608, in this area, False Dmitry II built the Tushino Camp. Among his associates was the new owner of the area, Andrei Fyodorovich Palitsyn. He eventually became a law-abiding citizen, advanced in the military, became a voivode in Мurom and in 1622 he sold Podjolki to the diak Mikhail Feofilatievich Danilov.
Under Danilov, a village with the same name sprang up on the site.
Estate under the first Streshnevs
After the death of the diak, the estate was briefly owned by F. K. Yelizarov, who in 1664 sold Pokrovskoye to , the owner of neighboring . Since 1664, the estate has been owned by the Streshnev family for almost 250 years. This family was considered not noble until 1626, when Eudoxia Streshneva married tsar Michael of Russia. The pair had 10 children, including the future tsar Alexis of Russia.
Since then, the family had a prominent place in the court hierarchy.
Rodion Streshnev served the first four tsars of the Romanov dynasty and from the late 1670s he was the tutor of Peter the Great. He also took part in Peter's coronation. After the purchase of Pokrovskoye, Rodion Streshnev did not particularly rebuild the village: he simply installed a “boyar court”, and several economic services. In 1678, there were "9 married couples, 10 families with 30 people in them, a clerk's yard, a peasant's yard, with 7 people in it, and a Bobyl yard with 3 people in it."
In 1685, he ordered people to dig ponds at the river head of the River and breed fish in them.
Starting in 1664, the estate was in the hands of the descendants of Rodion Streshnev for two and a half centuries, passing through six generations. Since the second half of the 18th century, the owners have positioned it as a memorial to the merits of the Streshnev family. A portrait gallery was created at the estate. The gallery is one of the few surviving estate portrait collections now with the State Historical Museum.
The obelisk in front of the estate is an imitation of the obelisk in the Alexander Garden of the Kremlin.
After the death of Rodion Streshnev in 1687, the estate passed to his son Ivan Rodionovich Streshnev. Under Ivan in 1704, in the village of Pokrovskoye, there were: a yard of votchinas, a cattle yard, and 9 peasant yards, which had 34 people.
Estate under Pyotr Streshnev
After the death of Ivan Rodionovich Streshnev (1738), his inheritance was divided among his sons, and Pokrovskoye went to General-in-Chief Pyotr Streshnev (died 1771). Under him, the family estate began to expand and change in the spirit of the times. After the Manifesto on Freedom of the Nobility (1762) was published, which freed Russian nobles from compulsory military or state service, Streshnev immediately retired from the military. Pyotr Streshnev's children died in infancy or in early childhood, so in 1750 he vowed to revive the estate's church in order to beg for another child. In the 1750s, the church was rebuilt in a Baroque style. In 1766, a stone manor house was built in the Elizabethan Baroque style with a suite of 10 front rooms and a collection of more than 130 paintings. By the end of the century, the number of paintings in the collection exceeded 300.
Estate under Yelizaveta Glebova-Streshneva
Yelizaveta, the only surviving child of Pyotr Ivanovich Streshnev, was his favorite. Spoiled as a child, she grew up to be an eccentric lady with a temper. Although Pyotr fulfilled all the whims of his daughter, he opposed her desire to marry a widower with a child, Fyodor Ivanovich Glebov. A year after the death of her father, Yelizaveta Streshneva married Glebov, explaining that: "I was never in love with my husband, but I married him because I realized that he was the only person I could have power over, while still respecting him." In 1803, after the death of her cousin, the male line of her surname ended, so she obtained permission from Alexander I for the right for her and her children to have the Glebov-Streshnev surname.