This line can âpébe read in Minsi, _Lapi-up Kehtanitowit man'ito mani'towak_, Again-he-spake, Great-Spirit, a spirit, spirits. The symbol represents the communion of the spirits. Compare Tanner, _Narrative_, p. 359, fig. 24.
10. Raf. and Squier absurdly translate _angelatawiwak_, angels. It is from a familiar Del. verb, _angeln_, to die. Compare Abnaki _8anangmes8ak_, "revenants," Rasles, and _w'tanglowagan_, his death, Zeis. The form in the text, according to Mr. Anthony, has the sense, "things destined to die," mortal, perishable. He gives the line in Minsi as follows:--
_Aweniwak_ _angelatawawak_ _wtschitsch'wankwak_ _wemiwak_, Beings mortals souls and all
The _wak_ of the last word is not the plural but the conjunction "and;" as in the Latin, _omniaque_.
11. Raf. translates _jinwis_ as "man-being," and Squier thinks it the Chipeway _inini_, men; but it appears to be the adverb _janwi_, ever, always. The symbol is apparently that of birth, or being born. Compare Tanner, _Narr._, p. 351, fig. 1, with that meaning, an armless figure with wide spread legs.
12. The pictograph is a woman, with breasts, but armless. The "first mother" here represented was an important personage in the mythology of the Chipeways and neighboring tribes. She was called "the grandmother of mankind" (_Me-suk-kum-me-go-kwa_, in Dr. James' orthography), and it was to her that Nanabush (Manibozho), imparted the secrets of all roots, herbs and plants. Hence, the medicine men direct their songs and addresses to her whenever they take anything from the earth which is to be used as a medicine. Tanner's _Narrative_, p. 355.
13. The figure of a square, the world, with the four varieties of animals named.
14. The bad spirit was, in Algonkin mythology, the water god, and was represented as a serpent-like figure. See Copway, pp. 134, 135. Schoolcraft, _Synopsis_, figs. 93, 100.
_Amangamek_, plural form of the compound _amangi_, great; _namaes_ fish; but _amangi_ has the associate idea of terrifying, frightful, hence the reference is to some mythical water monster (Cree, _am_, faire peur, Lacombe).
Raf. translates both _nakowak_ in this line, and _nakowa_, in II, 6, as "black snake." They can have no such meaning, black, in Lenape, being _suckeu_, and in none of the Algonkin dialects does _nak_ mean black.