Arithmetic is an elementary branch of mathematics that is widely used for tasks ranging from simple day-to-day counting to advanced science and business calculations.
Essence of arithmetic
Elementary arithmetic
Decimal arithmetic
Decimal point
Numeral
Place value
Face value
History of arithmetic
Arithmetic operations and related concepts
Order of Operations
Addition
Summation – Answer after adding a sequence of numbers
Additive Inverse
Subtraction – Taking away numbers
Multiplication – Repeated addition
Multiple – Product of Multiplication
Least Common Multiple
Multiplicative Inverse
Division – Repeated Subtraction
Modulo – The remainder of division
Quotient – Result of Division
Quotition and Partition – How many parts are there, and what is the size of each part Fraction – A number that isn't whole, often shown as a divsion equation Decimal Fraction – Representation of a Fraction in the form of a number Proper Fraction – Fraction with a Numerator that is less than the Denominator Improper Fraction – Fractions with a Numerator that is any number Ratio – Showing how much one number can go into another Least Common Denominator – Least Common Multiple of 2 or more fractions' denominators Factoring – Breaking a number down into its products Fundamental theorem of arithmetic Prime number – Number divisable by only 1 or itself Prime number theorem Distribution of primes Composite number – Number made of 2 smaller integers Factor – A number that can be divided from it's original number to get a whole number Greatest Common Factor – Greatest Factor that is common between 2 numbers Euclid's algorithm for finding greatest common divisors Exponentiation (power) – Repreated Multiplication Square root – Reversal of a power of 2 (exponent of 1/2) Cube root – Reversal of a power of 3 (exponent of 1/3) Properties of Operations Associative property Distributive property Commutative property Factorial – Multiplication of numbers from the current number to 0
Types of numbers
Real number
Rational number
Integer
Natural number
Composite number
Irrational number
Odd number
Even number
Positive number
Negative number
Prime number
List of prime numbers
Highly composite number
Perfect number
Algebraic number
Transcendental number
Hypercomplex number
Transfinite number
Indefinite and fictitious numbers
Elementary statistics
Mean
Weighted mean
Median
Mode
Range
Other basic concepts
Combinations
Percentage
Permutations
Proportion
Rounding
Scientific notation
Modern arithmetic
Outline of number theory
Riemann zeta function
L-functions
Multiplicative functions
Modular forms
See also
Elementary mathematics
Table of mathematical symbols
External links
MathWorld article about arithmetic
The New Student's Reference Work/Arithmetic (historical) Maximus Planudes' the Great Calculation an early western work on arithmetic at Convergence