The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to cryptography:
Cryptography (or cryptology) – practice and study of hiding information. Modern cryptography intersects the disciplines of mathematics, computer science, and engineering. Applications of cryptography include ATM cards, computer passwords, and electronic commerce.
Essence of cryptography
Cryptographer
Encryption/decryption
Cryptographic key
Cipher
Ciphertext
Plaintext
Code
Tabula recta
Alice and Bob
Uses of cryptographic techniques
Commitment schemes
Secure multiparty computation
Electronic voting
Authentication
Digital signatures
Crypto systems
Dining cryptographers problem
Anonymous remailer
Pseudonymity
Onion routing
Digital currency
Secret sharing
Indistinguishability obfuscation
Branches of cryptography
Multivariate cryptography
Post-quantum cryptography
Quantum cryptography
Steganography
Visual cryptography
History of cryptography
Japanese cryptology from the 1500s to Meiji
World War I cryptography
World War II cryptography
Reservehandverfahren
Venona project
Ultra
Ciphers
Classical
Substitution
Monoalphabetic substitution
Caesar cipher
ROT13
Affine cipher
Atbash cipher
Keyword cipher
Polyalphabetic substitution
Vigenère cipher
Autokey cipher
Homophonic substitution cipher
Polygraphic substitution
Playfair cipher
Hill cipher
Transposition
Scytale
Grille
Permutation cipher
VIC cipher – complex hand cypher used by at least one Soviet spy in the early 1950s; it proved quite secure for the time
Modern symmetric-key algorithms
Stream ciphers
A5/1 & A5/2 – ciphers specified for the GSM cellular telephone standard
BMGL
Chameleon
FISH – by Siemens AG
WWII 'Fish' cyphers
Geheimfernschreiber – WWII mechanical onetime pad by Siemens AG, called STURGEON by Bletchley Park Pike – improvement on FISH by Ross Anderson Schlusselzusatz – WWII mechanical onetime pad by Lorenz, called tunny by Bletchley Park HELIX ISAAC – intended as a PRNG Leviathan LILI-128 MUGI – CRYPTREC recommendation MULTI-S01 - CRYPTREC recommendation One-time pad – Vernam and Mauborgne, patented 1919; an extreme stream cypher Panama RC4 (ARCFOUR) – one of a series by Professor Ron Rivest of MIT; CRYPTREC recommended limited to 128-bit key CipherSaber – (RC4 variant with 10 byte random IV, easy to implement Salsa20 – an eSTREAM recommended cipher ChaCha20 – A Salsa20 variant. SEAL SNOW SOBER SOBER-t16 SOBER-t32 WAKE