Rudolf Matutinović (27 March 1927 – 16 April 2014) was a Croatian sculptor.
Early childhood and life during the war
Rudolf Matutinović was born on 27 March 1927 in the village of Zaostrog, on Makarska Riviera. His father Ante and mother Iva (maiden name Jelačić) had six children - Ivan, Stipe, Ante, Rudolf, Milka and Verđina. From the earliest age, the shapes of rocks, light and shadow play and the lavish colours of nature around Biokovo Mountain fascinated young Rudolf. Even as a small child, he felt the calling to become a sculptor.
At the age of fifteen, he witnessed the horror of war for the first time in August 1942 when the Italian army sentenced the boy Matutinović, along with several other people from the village, to death by execution. They were saved by Franciscan friars from the Zaostrostrog Monastery.
In autumn 1943 he found himself on Hvar Island with the army brigade of Biokovo-Neretva County, and was later sent to El Shatt refugee camp, located in the desert near the Suez Canal. There, along with some partisan duties, he managed to attend an improvised art school, managed by the painter Živko Kljaković from Split. Some other teachers from Split also worked at the school. The natural talent of young Matutinović became immediately obvious. Professor Mate Radmilović even suspected the authenticity of one of his works, attributing it to his colleague professor Kljaković. These successful works were stored in the professor's own portfolio and later exhibited in Cairo. The works have been saved and preserved by Ranko Marinković - an act of special encouragement and great honour for Matutinović.
These pioneer works made during Matutinović's exile in 1944 ('Portrait of Bruno', drawing with chalk; 'Portrait of a man', drawing with chalk) are now on display in Zagreb's Historical and School Museums.
Matutinović lost both his parents during the war. His mother died in 1944, and shortly afterward, after being imprisoned and tortured in an enemy camp in the city of Osijek, his father died in Zaostrog in 1945. After the end of war, Matutinović refused to take up any political position in the youth organization and consequently relinquished any possibility of political and financial support for the study of fine arts. He continued with his work and studies. That same year, he enrolled in the sculpture department of the Arts and Crafts School in Split. In 1948 he graduated from the Arts and Crafts School in Zagreb. His professors were Ivan Mirković and Davorin Hotko.
Education
In 1948 Matutinović passed the entrance exam at the Academy of Fine Arts and began the long-coveted study of sculpture. Among his colleagues were Borka Avramova, Veljko Bodulić, Ivan Mitrović, Boro Mitričevski, Vladimir Dorić, Marijan Kocković and Vera Fišer. Together they made up a very successful generation and many of them remain renowned and praised artists to this day. He studied under Grgo Antunac, Andrija Krstulović, Frano Kršinić, Vjekoslav Rukljač and others. During his college years, in 1951, he sculpted a portrait of his colleague Borka Avramova – his first work of art made in stone (Figure 1). In 1953, he graduated with honours from the class of professor Fran Kršinić. This diploma opened up numerous opportunities to work with great sculptor masters of the time. From 1 July until 1 December he worked as an apprentice in the master shop of sculptor Vanja Radauš. The collaboration between the famous sculptor Radauš and the free-minded young Matutinović was not long-lived. On 15 November 1953 young Matutinović wrote: "Dear Professor, I would hereby like to inform you that I have decided to leave your shop. Thank you for presenting me with the opportunity to work with you. Please forgive me if I have inadvertently done anything to offend you. I would like to thank you once again for everything you have done for me. With all my respect, R. Matutinović. "
On 16 December that year, he received a scholarship from the Federal commission for cultural relations with foreign countries. He continued his studies in Paris from 10 January until 27 March 1954. Not long after, he began his collaboration with professor Fran Kršinić (from 1 May 1954 until 15 September 1958). This postgraduate course earned him a Master of Arts diploma.